VanamWildlife of India
A rhino running down a dirt road next to a river

Vanam / Parks / Assam

Kaziranga National Park

काजीरंगा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान

Home of the one-horned rhino.

Area
1,090 sq km
Established
1974Tiger reserve since 2006
Best time
November to April
Ideal stay
2 to 3 days
Seeing wildlife
Easy

About Kaziranga National Park

Kaziranga National Park lies on the floodplain of the Brahmaputra in Assam. It was first protected in 1905 and became a national park in 1974. UNESCO listed it as a World Heritage Site in 1985, and it is also a tiger reserve and an Important Bird Area.

Tall elephant grass, swamps and patches of forest give shelter to more than half of the world's greater one-horned rhinos, along with wild water buffalo, eastern swamp deer and about 1,940 elephants. Flooding during the monsoon is part of the natural cycle: up to 70-80% of the park can go under water for days at a time, and animals move to higher ground.

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1985)

Assam National Park Birdwatching Elephants Rhinos Photography Jeep safari Elephant safari Winter wildlife

Known for

  • Greater one-horned rhinoceros
  • UNESCO World Heritage Site
  • Elephant-back safaris at dawn
  • Migratory birds and wild buffalo
Scene from Kaziranga National Park

When to go

Taller bars mean better wildlife viewing. Select a month to read what it is like.

Open Best months Closed

Wildlife you may see

The dots show how likely you are to see each animal on a typical safari.

Asian elephant

Elephas maximus
Very likely Endangered

The largest land animal in Asia, living in herds led by an older female.

Eastern swamp deer

Rucervus duvaucelii ranjitsinhi
Likely Vulnerable

A deer with branching antlers that lives on the wet grasslands of the northeast.

Greater one-horned rhinoceros

Rhinoceros unicornis
Very likely Vulnerable

An armour-plated giant of the Brahmaputra floodplain, and the symbol of Kaziranga.

The park holds the world’s largest population. The 2,401 figure is from the 2015 count.

Wild water buffalo

Bubalus arnee
Very likely Endangered

A heavy, wide-horned wild ancestor of the domestic water buffalo.

Around 57% of the world’s wild buffalo live here.

Bengal tiger

Panthera tigris tigris
Rare Endangered

India's national animal and the reason most visitors come to a safari.

Tigers are present, but tall grass makes them hard to see.

Plan your visit

Getting there

  • Jorhat (Rowriah) AirportNearest
    By air, about 90 km (about 2 hours)
    Official figure 90 km; the forest department gives 105 km by road to Kohora.
  • Guwahati (Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi) Airport
    By air, about 217 km (about 5 hours)
    Sources range from 217 to 250 km.
  • Furkating JunctionNearest
    By train, about 80 km (about 1.5 hours)

Safari zones

  • Kohora (Central)Tourism
    The main range and the most visited, with the park’s tourist centre.
    Elephant and jeep safaris.
  • Bagori (Western)Tourism
    Home to the interpretation centre, with open grassland and wetlands.
    Elephant and jeep safaris.
  • Agoratoli (Eastern)Tourism
    A quieter range with many wetlands and bird sightings.
  • BurapaharTourism
    The far western range with hillier, forested terrain.

Things to do

  • Elephant SafariAbout 1 hour
    Early-morning elephant rides run by the Forest Department in the Kohora and Bagori ranges.
  • Jeep SafariAbout 2-3 hours
    Jeep safaris in all the ranges at set entry times.
  • BirdwatchingHalf day
    Wintering waterfowl, storks and birds of prey. Seven vulture species once lived here; three remain.

Rules and permits

  • Season
    The park is open from 1 November to 30 April and closed during the monsoon floods.
  • No walking
    Hiking inside the park is prohibited. Visits are by jeep or elephant only.

Nearby

  • Observation towersInside the park
    Sohola, Mihimukh, Kathpara, Foliamari and Harmoti towers give wide views over the grassland.

Tips

  • Book the early-morning elephant safari ahead; slots are limited.Logistics
  • Carry light layers, a hat and binoculars for birds.Packing
  • Early morning mist over grassland makes for the best light.Photography

Distances and travel times are approximate. Closure dates and permit rules change, so confirm them with the forest department before you book.

Questions about Kaziranga National Park

When is Kaziranga open?

From 1 November to 30 April. It closes for the monsoon.

Can I walk in the park?

No. Hiking is not allowed, and visits are by jeep or elephant.

What is the nearest airport?

Jorhat airport, around 90-105 km from Kohora.

History

  1. 1904
    Lady Curzon’s visit

    Mary Curzon visited the area, found few rhinos and urged her husband to protect them.

  2. 1905
    Proposed Reserve Forest

    The first reserve was created, covering 232 sq km.

  3. 1950
    Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary

    The reserve was renamed.

  4. 1974
    National park

    Declared a national park on 11 February.

  5. 1985
    World Heritage Site

    UNESCO inscribed the park.

  6. 2006
    Tiger reserve

    The park was notified as a tiger reserve (some sources say 2007).

Culture

  • A rhino conservation story
    Kaziranga’s rhino numbers recovered from very low levels in the early 20th century to the largest population in the world.
Personality

A viceroy’s wife and the rhino

In 1904 Mary Curzon, wife of the Viceroy Lord Curzon, visited Kaziranga hoping to see a rhino and left without one. She urged her husband to act, and a reserve forest was created the next year.

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